During the dry season or when rainfall is irregular, we apply water into the soil artificially using pipes, sprays, and pumps to ensure continued growing of crops. The water is supplied to the plants regularly at intervals. Such is done through irrigation systems southern NH. Irrigation water can come from underground, the surface through lakes, reservoirs or rivers or harvested rainwater in ponds. Such assists in crop growth and maintaining the landscapes as well as suppressing weed growth. There are many different types of these systems used by farmers to sustain crops.
The first one is applying water over and across the land surface in portions. Gravity ensures that it flows freely. As it flows the soil and the plants absorb. It is classified into three types, these include; border strip, basin and furrow irrigation. This system is also known as flooding because at times the water is excess resulting in an overflow. Nonetheless, the limitations are water-logging and deep drainage.
Farmers supply water to crops using tubing, emitters, pipes, and valves. It trickles and infiltrates into the soil and to the plant roots. Fertilizers are provided in solution form through this method. It enhances the maximum use of the available water because less water is lost through evaporation and runoff. Farmers with small or large land sizes can practice it though it has some drawbacks; sensitivity to clogging and high-skilled labor is required to operate.
Use of overhead sprinklers is used where water is conveyed through pipes and under high pressure it is applied on the land like the rain. As the water drops it cools the soil and crops protecting them from frost, also it ii efficient and uniform. The system can be implemented on various land terrains and soil types. However, huge capital to initiate is used.
Besides, another type is the center pivot. A single pipeline is supported by a row of mobile towers which are suspended two to four meters above the ground level. It is self-propelled and water pumped into the central pipe the towers rotate slowly irrigating the surface in a circular motion. Sprinkler nozzles are fitted on the pipeline, and through a rotation, the nozzles irrigate under pressure. Such is efficient and reduces tillage.
Irrigating crops can also be done using buckets and the watering cans manually. Even if it is a tedious job and a lot of labor needed, it does not require a lot of improved infrastructure or mechanization to be done, therefore, and it saves capital. Due to a lot of labor, it can only be done on small- scale, and it conserves water.
The sub-irrigation method is used largely by farmers. Plants are irrigated into the root zone from below the ground level and then absorbed upwards. Best employed in areas with high water table where there is growing of tomatoes, sugarcane, and peppers. Such ensures uniform watering, reduced labor input, and a vigorous crop growth.
Lastly, is the category where pipes are usually fitted with sprinklers and wheels and as it rotates the water is distributed across the farm uniformly. The upper limit is that you will want enough people to move the pipelines once one area is covered. You only have the need for less capital.
The first one is applying water over and across the land surface in portions. Gravity ensures that it flows freely. As it flows the soil and the plants absorb. It is classified into three types, these include; border strip, basin and furrow irrigation. This system is also known as flooding because at times the water is excess resulting in an overflow. Nonetheless, the limitations are water-logging and deep drainage.
Farmers supply water to crops using tubing, emitters, pipes, and valves. It trickles and infiltrates into the soil and to the plant roots. Fertilizers are provided in solution form through this method. It enhances the maximum use of the available water because less water is lost through evaporation and runoff. Farmers with small or large land sizes can practice it though it has some drawbacks; sensitivity to clogging and high-skilled labor is required to operate.
Use of overhead sprinklers is used where water is conveyed through pipes and under high pressure it is applied on the land like the rain. As the water drops it cools the soil and crops protecting them from frost, also it ii efficient and uniform. The system can be implemented on various land terrains and soil types. However, huge capital to initiate is used.
Besides, another type is the center pivot. A single pipeline is supported by a row of mobile towers which are suspended two to four meters above the ground level. It is self-propelled and water pumped into the central pipe the towers rotate slowly irrigating the surface in a circular motion. Sprinkler nozzles are fitted on the pipeline, and through a rotation, the nozzles irrigate under pressure. Such is efficient and reduces tillage.
Irrigating crops can also be done using buckets and the watering cans manually. Even if it is a tedious job and a lot of labor needed, it does not require a lot of improved infrastructure or mechanization to be done, therefore, and it saves capital. Due to a lot of labor, it can only be done on small- scale, and it conserves water.
The sub-irrigation method is used largely by farmers. Plants are irrigated into the root zone from below the ground level and then absorbed upwards. Best employed in areas with high water table where there is growing of tomatoes, sugarcane, and peppers. Such ensures uniform watering, reduced labor input, and a vigorous crop growth.
Lastly, is the category where pipes are usually fitted with sprinklers and wheels and as it rotates the water is distributed across the farm uniformly. The upper limit is that you will want enough people to move the pipelines once one area is covered. You only have the need for less capital.
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